Apparatus for removing liquids from solid material.



1. BLOUNT. APPARATUS FOR REMOVING LIQUIDS FROM SOLID MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 24, 1909.

1,056,495, Patented Mar. 18, 1913.

9 nucnloz 3 1 11% 61 Mom n1 ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IRVING BLOUNT, F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR REMOVING LIQUIDS SOLID MATERIAL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 18, 1913.

Application filed larch 24, 1909. Serial No. 485,488.

useful Improvements in'Apparatus for Re-.

moving Liquids from Solid Material, of

which the following is aspecification.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for simultaneouslyremoving oil,

grease, water or other 'liquidsffrom garbage or other refuse matter and"compressing the residue of such matter, its important object being theproduction ofan apparatus which will introduce important economies inthe separation of liquids from the solid matter in garbage, etc, bymakingprovis'ion for Y the efiective use'of steam "in the performance ofits herein functions of extrapting the liquids from the solid matter andcompressing said solid matter and by also making provision whereb thecompacted solid matter from which t e liquid content has'been extractedmay be readily and economically removed from the separating apparatus.

In the accompanying drawing, I have shown several specifically differentembodiments of the present invention, some of which embodimentsarebetter adapted to carry out the particular purposes of the presentinvention than others, but all of which are capable of carrying suchpurposes into practice with more or less degree of satisfaction.

In said drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section of oneform of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly broken away,of .a form of the apparatus like that of Fig. 1 in many respects, buthaving a change which increases its eiticiency- Fig. 3 is an elevation,partly in section, of a conical. form of the apparatus.

Fig. 4 is a detail representation of the upper part of a modified formof conical apparatus, showing a form thereof-preferred to thatillustrated in Fig. 3. Fig'. 5 is an elevation, partly broken away,showing a form and arrangement of the apparatus which is less desirablethan any of the preceding forms but is within the s irit ofthe inventionconsidered in its broa est aspects.

The present apparatus essentially includes a container having a chamberto which the garbage or other material to be treated is supplied throughan aperture having communication with said chamber, said chamber alsohaving an inner perforated wall and an outer non-perforated wall, theinner wall extending throughout a part only of the length of thetreating chamber, terminating short of the charging aperture and steaminlet-sufliciently to provide between its end and said aperture andinlet a walled space within which the material is partly treated, saidsolid space having its wall formed without perforations, or at any rate,so formed that the steam which enters the treating chamber at a point inadvance of the perforated inner wall will be compelled to pass throughthat portion of the matter which is surrounded by said imp erforate walland will be permitted to compress said matter, before it reaches any ofthe outlets provided by the perforations in the inner wall, therebyenabling the steam to extract the liquid content of said matter andcompress the solid residue without loss of steam. The apparatus alsoessentially includes certain other features hereinafter moreparticularly set forth. I

Referring to the construction illustrated by Fig. 1 of the drawing, thepart lettered represents a container consisting of a cylindrical wall aterminating in a top a tightly secured thereto, from which rises a drumB, the drum B, top (1 and wall a all being steam-tight. The drum B.has acharging aperture which may be tightly closed by a closure C, preferablyhinged to the' drum, and said drum also has a valved steam inlet pipeDadjacent to said charging aperture. The bottom of the container isclosed by a closure a which in this particular exemplification of theinvention is hinged at a to the outer wall a and is tightly held in itsspace 1 between the walls of the container and a hinged section h whichforms the bottom of the treating chamber, said hinged section having adiameter approximately equal to that of the treating chamber, beinghingedly mounted at one side adjacent to the end of the perforated wallG and having at its opposite side a suitable securing device h Thisplate is spaced from the closure (1 so as to provide a chamber 2 whichhas communication with the annular space 1 through the perforations inthe fixed section It and also has communication with the treatingchamber through the perforations in the hinged section It. This chamber2 is provided with a valved outlet pipe F through which the steam andliquid matter extracted from the matter undergoing treatment may bedrawn.

The operation of the'apparatus is as foll0ws:-The plate or valve C isopened and garbage or other matter is charged through the drum B intothe cylinder F until the garbagereaches the position in the drum ustbelow the inlet pipe D, when the valve ls closed and steam is $11, 11admitted through the pipe D. The Steam will pass through the garbage,forcin and carrying out with it through the'pe orations in the cylinderG and the bottom a oil, water or other liquid which is collected in thespaces 1 and 2, and conducted'away. through the outlet pipes E, E and F.The pressure of the steam at the same time will compress the garbage andforce it out of the drum B and compress it inthe cylinder G below thetop.

of said cylinder. If the process be now continued without the additionof further material to that portionof the treatingchamber situatedbetween .the inner perforated wall and the steam inletthe steam insteadof passing through the garbage will escape through the perforationsatthe top of the cylinder and pass out through space 1 and escapethrough the outlet pipes E, E, at a great'loss in steam. To prevent thisloss, as soon as the garbage is forced to the bottom of thedrum-B, thesteam is shut off, the plate 6 is opened and more garbage is chargedinto thedrum B up to the point D, when thetphateCis again closed and thesteam again turned'on. This operation is repeated-until all the oil,water, &c., is forced out of the arbage and the same is pressed tightlyinside the cylinder G. When this operation is completed the steam isshut off, the bottom a and the hinged plate H are opened and thesubstantially dry material is removed.

In an apparatus constructed as shown in Fig. 1, repeated rechar in ofthe drum therefore is necessary. 1115 not only takes up time but a largeamount of steam is lost each time the valve C is opened. To overcomethis objection, I may construct the apparatus as shown in Fig. 2. Inthis case instead of the inner perforated wall, marked G in thisfigureextending to the top a it is much shorter than the outer wall a. Theupper edge of this inner perforated Wall Gr is outturnedto form a flan eg which tightly rests against the inner sur ace of the side a of thecontainer. In this construction the treating chamber includes a spaceabove the upper end of the. perforated wall G and between the same andthe outlet end of that section of the treating chamber which is withinthe drum B, and as the garbage in the treating chamber must be forcedbelow the flange g before the steam can freely escape, it Is notnecessary to so frequently add the garbage to thetreating chamber duringthe operation of the apparatus.

A conical form of the apparatus is Preferable to a cylindrical formthereof. I have shown such a form in Figs. 3 and 4. In this form of theconstruction the inside perforated member, marked G in Fi 3, may extendsubstantially to the drum ,as shown in Fig. 3, or said inner perforatedmember marked G in Fig. 4 may be outturned to form a flange, marked 9,as 'shown in Fig. 4. In this construction I have also shown the bottom aof the conical section and the bottom'-'perforated plate h connectedtogether. In other words, the bottom a is a double bottom having aninner perforated. plate h" with the space 20 between. In the conicalform of apparatus the solid residue, that is, the. material left afterthe liquid content of the matter has been extracted may be more readilyremoved than in cylindrical construction. This removal of the solidmatter is accomplished by opening the hinged bottom a said bottom movingto an open position on its hinge a and when in said -open position fullyexposing the interior of the receptacle. This receptacle beingnow indownwardly open position and with its larger end at the bottom induces amovement of the solidmatter therefrom in a minimum length of time Insome instances the garbage after being treated to remove the oil andother matter, may be easily removed from the receptacle by forcingcompressed air in the top thereof through the pipe J. While I have shownthis pipe as connected to the drum, it is apparent that it may beconnected directly to the steam pipe D so that air can be forcedinto'the drum over'the top of the garbage after the steam is cut oif.

In some cases it may be advantageous to have the container placedhorizontally instead of vertically. I have shown an apparatus soarranged in Fig. 5. In this construction the drum B is connected to theside ofthe container and it communicates with the inside-of theperforated cylinder through an o ening g thereon. K is a circularinclined plate which prevents the garbage, during the charging, fromentering the space 1 and also prevents the steam from escaping in saidspace before passing through the garbage. In this construction each endof the receptacle A. is provided with a hinged cover a and each end ofthe receptacle is also provided with a perforated hinged cover It with aspace 1 between each of said covers.

While I have stated that the inner wall is a perforated cylinder orcone, it is to be understood that these members may be made out of awire netting or any other suitable 'material, and while'I haveshown anair pipe J only in the constructions illustratai by Figs. 3 and 4, it isunderstood that such a pipe may be connected to the construction shownin any of the other figures for the same purposes. While I have shownonly in Fig. 3 the bottoms a and h 'connected together yet such acovermay be used in the construction shown in any of the other figures.

It will be noted that in each of the foregoing exemplifications of'thepresent invention the portion of the treating chamber having theperforated wall is entirely free from ledges and other projections, andthat said portion of the treating chamber is similarly free from anyelements which would form obstructions to the compressing of the solidresidue or interfere with its free removal from the treating chamberwhen the outlet closure is adjusted to its open position.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. An apparatus for simultaneously extracting the liquid content ofmaterials of the kind described and compressing the solid residue,comprising a container having a treating chamber with an outerimperforate wall and an inner perforated member spaced from the outerWell, said outer wall being provided with a charging aperture whichcommunicates with the treating chamber and has means for closing it, theouter wall being also provided with means for the inlet of steam to thetreating chamber, the inner perforated member of the containerterminating sufficiently away from the charging aperture and the pointat which the steam is admitted to provide a section of the treatingchamber between said perforated wall and steam inlet, the wall of saidsection being adapted to prevent the flow of steam laterallytherethrough, thereby permittin the steam to compress the material, saicontainer also having at one end a movable closure of area up roximatelyequal to that of the adjacent end of the treating chamber, whereby theinterior of the treating chamber is approximately entirely exposed whenthe closure is opened to permit the discharge of the treatchargingaperture and the point at which ed material, the interior of thetreating chamber being free from obstructions to such discharge, andvalved means for the outlet of the extracted fluid from the container.

2. An apparatus for simultaneously extracting the liquid content ofmaterials of the kind described and compressing the solid residue,comprising a container having a treating chamber withan outerimperforate wall and an inner perforated member spaced from the outerwall, said outer wall being provided with a charging aperture whichcommunicates with the treating chamber and has means for closing it, theouter well being also provided with means for the inlet of steam to thetreating chamber, the

inner perforated member of the container terminating sufliciently awayfrom the 85. the steam is admitted to provide a section of the treatingchamber between said perforated wall and steam inlet, the wall of saidsection being adapted to prevent the flow of steam laterallytherethrough, thereby permitting'the steam to compress the material,said container also having at one end a movable closure of areaapproximately equal to that of the adjacent end ofthe treating chamber,whereby the interior of the treating chamber is approximately entirelyexposed when the closure is opened to permit the discharge of thetreated material, the interior of the treating chamber being free fromobstructions to such discharge, said closure having an imperforatemember and a perforated member, each movable relatively to thecontainer, said members being spaced to provide a chamber between themand said chamber having communica r05 arranged at or near the upper endof the container and communicates with the treat- 12 ing chamber and hasmeans for closing it, the outer wall being also provided near the upperend of the container with means whereby fluids for extracting the li uidcontent from the material and ex el ing the residue of the material fromt e treating chamber respectively may be introduced into the treatingchamber at different times, the inner perforated member of the containerterminating sufficiently away from the tracting the'llquld content ofmaterials of charging aperture and the place at which the extractingfluid is admitted to provide asection of the-treating chamber betweensaid perforated wall and place havingra 5 fluid tightlateral wall, aclosure for the ottom of said container, said closure consisting of asolid member and a perforated member spaced from the solid member, thespace between 'said members. having communication the kind described andcompressing the solid residue, comprising a container having a treatingchamber with an outer imperforate wall and an inner perforated member saced from the outer wall, said outer wall eing provided ator near itsupper end wit-h a charging aperture which communicates with the treating.chamber and has means for ,r vided with means for the Inlet of steam tod closing it,-the' outer wall being also prothe treating chamber, theinner perforated member of the container being conoidal and terminatingsufliciently away from the charging-apertureand the point at which thesteam is admitted to provide asection ofthe treating chamber betweensaid perfo rated wall and steam inlet whose wall 1s adapted to preventtheflow of steam therethrough, thereby permitting compression of thematerial-under treatment, said container having its bottom provided witha movable closure ofarea substantially equal to that bounded by theperforated wall of the treat-- ing chamber at the widest part of thelatter, the interior of the treating chamber being free fromobstructions to the discharge of thematerial when said closure is open.

An apparatus for simultaneously ex: tracting the liquid content ofmaterials of the kind described and compressing the solid residue,comprising a container,.a drum connected to the upper end of thecontainer, said drum having a charging aperture provided with a closure,a treating fluid to the p the wall of said drum being adapted to preventthe free egress of the treatin laterally therethrough, a hollow mem erarranged in said container and communicating interiorly with said drum,said member having lateral perforations in its wall and having itsopening tapered upward from the interior of the drum,

bottom and its upper end arranged .below ,and spaced from the fluidinlet in the drum, means for closing the lower end of said hollowmember, said means being movable to open the lower end of said memberand said hollow member bein interiorly free from as obstructions to thedischarge of the treated means for admitting 'matter'when said closurehas been opened,

I treating fluid laterally therethrough, a hollow member arranged insaid container and communicatlng interlorly with said drum,

said member having lateral perforations in its wall and having itsopening tapered upward from the bottom and its upper end arranged belowand spaced from the fluid inlet in the drum, a closure for the lower endof said hollow member, said closure being movable to open the lower endof the hollow member and the hollow member being interiorly free fromobstructions to the ischarge of the treated matter when said closure hasbeen opened, the closure comprising an outer solid wall and an innerperforated wall arranged to provide between them a chamber which hascommunication with the interior of said hollow memher and also with thespace between the hollow member and the outer wall of the containerthrough its perforated wall, and means for the outlet of the fluid fromsaid chamber and space.

An apparatus for simultaneously extracting the liquid contentofmaterials of the kind described and compressing the solid residue,comprising a conoidal container, a drum connected to the upper end ofthe container, said drum having a charging aperture provided with aclosure, means for admitting a treating fluid to the interior of thedrum, a conoidal 'member arranged in said container and having aperforated wall spaced from the wall of the. latter, the upper smallerend of said conoidal member terminating below the lower end of the drum,to provide a space in the container between said member and drum, saidspace bein open to the driun and to the interior of t e conoidal member,and said drum, space and conoidal member 'conjointly forming a' treatingchamber whose lateral walls are adapted to prevent the egress of thetreating fluid therethrough above the inner perforated conoidal member,a closure for the lower end of said treating chamber and means for thewith drawal of the fluid from the s ace between the perforated conoidalmem er and the outer wall of the container.

Anapparatus for simultaneously extracting the liquid content ofmaterials of the kind described and comprising the solid residue,comprising a conoldal conta ner, a

drum connected to the upper end of the container, said drum having acharging aperture provided with a closure, means for admitting atreating fluid to the interior of the drum, a eonoidal member arrangedin said container and having a perforated wall spaced from the wall ofthe latter, the upper smaller end of said conoidal member terminatingbelow the lower end of the drum, to prov de a space in' the containerbetween said member and drum, said space being open to the drum and tothe interior of the conoidal member, and said drum, space and conoidalmember conjointly forming a treating chamber whose lateral walls areadapted to prevent the egress of the treating fluid therethrough abovethe inner perforated conoidal member, a closure for the lower end ofsaid treating chamber, said closure comprising an outer solid wall andan inner perforated wall arranged to provide between them a chamberwhich has communication with the interior of the inner erforated memberand also with the space etween said member and the outer wall of thecontainer through its perforated wall, the closure being movable to openthe lower end of the treating chamber and the inner perforated memberbein interiorly free from obstructions to the fischarge of the treatingmatter when said closure has been opened, and means for the withdrawalof the fluid from the space between the inner conoidal member and outercolloidal member and from said chamber.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand at the cit of New York,county of New York and State of New York. this fifteenth day of March,190%).

IRVING BLOU NT.

In presence of- HOLGER OLIVARIUS, Fliiimi EUFERNIA.

